炎症中的核苷酸信号通路
2014-10-23 14:40 来源：中华消化网 作者：夏时海
编译：夏时海 天津武警后勤学院附属医院消化二科
炎症状态与细胞外核苷酸的释放有关，尤其是ATP。在细胞外，ATP主要作为一种信号分子，其主要通过激活嘌呤P2受体起作用。代谢型P2Y受体是一种G蛋白偶联受体，而促离子型P2X受体是ATP门控离子通道受体。笔者讨论了如何通过P2受体信号通路改变炎症和感染性疾病的转归。最近的研究表明 P2X/P2Y信号通路在促进炎症应答、增强宿主防御病原体或肿瘤侵袭方面均起着一定的作用。然而，P2X/P2Y信号通路在缺血和再灌注损伤、炎症性肠病或肺急慢性疾病中引起慢性炎症，也扮演着帮凶的角色。虽然核苷酸信号相关的治疗已经应用于临床病人，研究表明需要对特异性靶向作用于P2受体治疗炎症性或感染性疾病进行进一步研究。
英文原文：Inflammatory conditions are associated with the extracellular release of nucleotides, particularly ATP. In the extracellular compartment, ATP predominantly functions as a signalling molecule through the activation of purinergic P2 receptors. Metabotropic P2Y receptors are G-protein-coupled, whereas ionotropic P2X receptors are ATP-gated ion channels. Here we discuss how signalling events through P2 receptors alter the outcomes of inflammatory or infectious diseases. Recent studies implicate a role for P2X/P2Y signalling in mounting appropriate inflammatory responses critical for host defence against invading pathogens or tumours. Conversely, P2X/P2Y signalling can promote chronic inflammation during ischaemia and reperfusion injury, inflammatory bowel disease or acute and chronic diseases of the lungs. Although nucleotide signaling has been used clinically in patients before, research indicates an expanding field of opportunities for specifically targeting individual P2 receptors for the treatment of inflammatory or infectious diseases.
炎症状态与细胞外核苷酸的释放有关，尤其是ATP。在细胞外，ATP主要作为一种信号分子，其主要通过激活嘌呤P2受体起作用。代谢型P2Y受体是一种G蛋白偶联受体，而促离子型P2X受体是ATP门控离子通道受体。笔者讨论了如何通过P2受体信号通路改变炎症和感染性疾病的转归。最近的研究表明 P2X/P2Y信号通路在促进炎症应答、增强宿主防御病原体或肿瘤侵袭方面均起着一定的作用。然而，P2X/P2Y信号通路在缺血和再灌注损伤、炎症性肠病或肺急慢性疾病中引起慢性炎症，也扮演着帮凶的角色。虽然核苷酸信号相关的治疗已经应用于临床病人，研究表明需要对特异性靶向作用于P2受体治疗炎症性或感染性疾病进行进一步研究。
英文原文：Inflammatory conditions are associated with the extracellular release of nucleotides, particularly ATP. In the extracellular compartment, ATP predominantly functions as a signalling molecule through the activation of purinergic P2 receptors. Metabotropic P2Y receptors are G-protein-coupled, whereas ionotropic P2X receptors are ATP-gated ion channels. Here we discuss how signalling events through P2 receptors alter the outcomes of inflammatory or infectious diseases. Recent studies implicate a role for P2X/P2Y signalling in mounting appropriate inflammatory responses critical for host defence against invading pathogens or tumours. Conversely, P2X/P2Y signalling can promote chronic inflammation during ischaemia and reperfusion injury, inflammatory bowel disease or acute and chronic diseases of the lungs. Although nucleotide signaling has been used clinically in patients before, research indicates an expanding field of opportunities for specifically targeting individual P2 receptors for the treatment of inflammatory or infectious diseases.
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